Healthcare is an ever-changing industry that requires continuous innovation to meet patients’ growing and changing needs. The traditional healthcare model focused on treating infectious diseases, with patients visiting the doctor for treatment. Still, most healthcare today revolves around treating chronic conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and asthma. This approach requires extended visits to healthcare providers, which is labor-intensive and cost-inefficient. We need to move towards new models of care that empower patients to take care of themselves through more outpatient settings or remote patient monitoring.
Emerging healthcare models are knowledge-driven and data-intensive, relying on big data analytics and artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) tools. We identify five areas where the application of AI/ML tools in healthcare can improve outcomes and reduce costs:
- Population management: Managing the health of a group of patients, typically defined by a shared demographic, like age or location.
- Care management: Coordinating and tracking care for a patient with a chronic condition across various providers and care settings.
- Designing care plans for individual patients and closing gaps in care: Creating customized treatment plans based on their unique medical history and treatment outcomes.
- Patient self-management: Providing personalized care and support to patients for self-care and behavioral changes leading to improved health.
- System design: Optimizing healthcare processes, including treatment, reimbursement, and patient data analysis, to improve outcomes and quality of care while reducing costs.
We believe that applying AI/ML tools in these five areas is essential to create large-scale practical systems for providing personalized and patient-centric healthcare at reasonable costs.
The potential benefits of AI/ML to medicine and healthcare are numerous. One key benefit is improving treatment and diagnosis, including predicting hospital readmissions and monitoring fetal health. AI/ML tools can also help to find patterns in large sets of biological data, instrumental in electronic medical records, medical literature analysis, and real-time personal healthcare monitoring through wearable and smartphone devices.
Real-time or near-real-time testing and analysis are particularly critical in self-management scenarios. For example, people with diabetes can monitor their blood sugar levels using AI/ML tools, providing more accurate and timely results than waiting for a doctor or nurse to perform the tests. This approach can optimize the dosage and management of chronic conditions over time, improving patient outcomes.
In conclusion, the healthcare industry needs to continue to evolve to meet the changing needs of patients. Using AI/ML tools in healthcare, we can provide personalized and patient-centric care, improve treatment and diagnosis, and reduce costs. The potential benefits are significant, and the application of AI/ML tools in healthcare is a promising area for future innovation.